第 五 章 · LICE

from its young, began to pull out the long hairs one by one. They

seemed to yield to her pull.

With every hair that came out, the dread seemed to depart appreciably

from the heart of the lackey. And at the same time, intense hatred of

the old hag was little by little engendered. No, “of the old hag” may

not be just the right words. Rather his antipathy to all evil grew

stronger every minute. If some one at that time had broached afresh the

question which this man had been considering under the gate a little

while before, whether he should starve or turn thief, in all likelihood

he would have unhesitatingly chosen starvation. Thus fiercely, like the

splint of pine the old hag had stuck in the floor, blazed up this man’s

detestation of evil.

The lackey, of course, did not know why the old hag was pulling out the

hair of the dead. Consequently, he did not know, rationally, whether

her conduct should be set down as good or evil. But to him the pulling

of hair from the heads of the dead on that rainy night up in Rashōmon

was, on the face of it, an unpardonable crime. Naturally he had already

forgot that a little before he had had half a mind to turn thief

himself.

So, bracing his two feet firmly, he suddenly sprang from the ladder

up into the room. Then, grasping the plain handle of his sword, he

advanced with great strides up to the hag. Naturally she was startled

out of her wits.

With a glance at the lackey, she sprang up as if shot from a catapult.

“Wretch! Where are you going?” cursed the man, blocking her way, as she

stumbled among the corpses in a panic-stricken effort to escape.

All the same, she struggled to push him aside and get by. But

peremptorily he forced her back. For a moment, the pair scuffled in

silence among the corpses. But from the first there was no doubt of the

victor.

In the end, seizing one of her arms, the lackey twisted it and threw

her violently down. It was nothing but skin and bone, just like the leg

of a hen.

“What are you up to? Look you, what are you up to? Out with it! If you

don’t speak, you get this, see!”

And casting her away, he suddenly unsheathed his sword and brandished

the white flash of steel before her eyes. But the old hag held her

tongue. Her hands trembling, her shoulders heaving as she gasped for

breath, and her eyes so wide open that it seemed the balls must burst

from their sockets, she persisted in her silence like a mute. At this,

the lackey realized clearly for the first time that this old woman’s

life and death depended entirely upon his will. And before he was

aware, this realization had cooled the fires of detestation that up to

this time had blazed so fiercely in his heart. What remained was simply

that comfortable pride and satisfaction that follow upon a piece of

work wholly carried to completion. Then, looking down upon her, he said

in a slightly milder tone:

“I’m no official from the police commissioner’s office. I’m a wanderer

who happened to pass under this gate a little while ago. So you won’t

be tied with a rope and arrested. All I demand is that you tell me what

you’re doing up in this gate at this hour.”

At this, the old hag’s wide-staring eyes grew all the larger, and she

fastened them intently on the face of the lackey. They were sharp

red-lidded eyes like those of some bird of prey. Then she moved her

lips, practically one with her nose among the wrinkles, as if she were

chewing something. A sharply projecting Adam’s apple slid up and down

in her skinny throat. And at the same time, a voice like the croak of a

raven came pantingly from that throat and struck harshly upon his ears.

“I’m pulling out hair, pulling out this woman’s hair, because I’m going

to make wigs.”

The servant was disappointed at the unexpected ordinariness of her

answer. And at the same time, the hatred he had felt before, mingled

with a cold disdain, crept back into his heart again. And its

manifestations probably transmitted themselves to the hag. For still

holding in one hand the long hair she had pulled from the corpse’s

head, she mumbled her case in the croaking voice of a toad.

To be sure, it might be wicked to pull hair from dead bodies, for all

she knew. But these dead were mostly people who could well be treated

in such a way. For instance, this woman from whose head she had just

been pulling hair had cut snakes up into four-inch lengths and sold

them for dried fish in the military camps. Had she not fallen prey to

the epidemic and died, she might have been selling them yet. What was

more, the samurai had found her dried fish tasty and bought them all

up to eat with their rice. The hag did not find the woman’s conduct

blameworthy. Since she must otherwise have starved to death, she could

not well have helped it. Therefore, what she herself now did could

not be called bad either. Since this, too, must be done or she would

starve, it could not well be helped, and she thought this woman, who

well knew her dilemma, would surely forgive her for what she did. Thus,

by the large, ran the old hag’s explanation.

The lackey sheathed his sword and, with his left hand on the hilt,

listened in cold blood to her recital. Of course, his right hand was

busy fingering the festering carbuncle on his fiery cheek. But as he

listened, a certain courage was born within him. It was the courage

he had lacked under the gate a while before. And, moreover, it was a

courage tending to move in just the opposite direction from the courage

with which he had a little before mounted up into the gate and seized

the old woman. It was not only that he was no longer at a loss whether

to starve or turn thief. His emotions were now such that the idea of

starving to death had been driven from his consciousness as well-nigh

unthinkable.

“Really? Is that true?”

When the old woman had finished her tale, he questioned her in a

sneering voice. Then advancing one step forward, he suddenly removed

his right hand from his carbuncle and, seizing the hag by the collar,

said,

“Then I guess you won’t blame me for turning highwayman, will you? I,

too, must starve else.”

Like a flash he stripped off her kimono. Then, as she tried to cling

to his legs, he violently kicked her down upon the corpses. It was but

five paces to the head of the ladder. With the dark brown kimono under

his arm, he ran in a twinkling down the steep steps into the depths of

the night.

It was not long before the old woman, who had lain for a space like

one dead, raised her naked body up from among the corpses. Murmuring

and groaning, she crawled by the help of the light that still burned

to the top of the ladder. And from there, with her short white hair

hanging about her face, she peered down under the gate. Outside there

was nothing but black and cavernous night.

The lackey had already braved the rain and hurried away into the

streets of Kyōto to rob.

Chapter 5. LICE

I

On the twenty-sixth day of the eleventh month of the first year of

Genji (Dec. 25, 1864), the followers of the daimyō of Kaga, who had

been engaged in the safeguarding of Kyōto, put to sea under the

leadership of Chō Osumi-no-kami, from the mouth of the Ajikawa in

Ōsaka, to take part in the impending chastisement of Chōshū.

There were two sub-commanders, Tsukuda Kyudayu and Yamagishi Sanjurō,

and white standards were set up in Tsukuda’s boats and red in

Yamagishi’s. History records that it was a most brave scene as their

Kompira vessels, each of 500 _koku_ burden, left the estuary for

the deep, all with their red and white banners flapping in the wind.

But the men in the boats did not feel at all gallant. In the first

place, every boat was loaded with thirty-four of the party and four

sailors, a total of thirty-eight men. Wherefore, they were so closely

packed together that free movement was impossible. Moreover, in the

waist of each vessel stood so many loach tubs full of pickled radishes

that there was almost no place left to step. Until they got used to it,

the evil odor of the things filled every man who breathed it with a

sudden nausea. Finally, as it was the end of the eleventh month of the

old calendar (December), the wind blowing on the sea was so cold that

it seemed to fairly cut their flesh. Especially when the sun had set,

what with the winds blowing down from Maya and the chill of the sea,

the teeth of most even of these young samurai from the north chattered.

Moreover, in the boats there was an abundance of lice. And they were

not the simple sort of lice that hide themselves in the seams of

garments. They swarmed upon the sails. They swarmed upon the masts.

They swarmed upon the anchors. To exaggerate slightly, it was hard to

tell whether the boats were for men or for lice. Of course in such a

plethora, scores of the pests swarmed upon their clothes. And whenever

they so much as touched the skin of a man, they were straightway elated

and fell to till he tingled. Had there been but some five or ten of the

vermin, they might somehow or other have been brought under control,

but since, as already stated, there were so many that they looked like

a sprinkling of white sesame, there was no possible hope of cleaning

them out. Wherefore, in the Tsukuda party and the Yamagishi party

alike, the bodies of all the samurai in the boats swelled red with

bites all over on breast and abdomen and everywhere, just as if they

had the measles.

But impossible as it was to bring the lice under control, it was still

more impossible to let them go on unmolested. So the people in the

boats spent their leisure time hunting. All of them, from the chief

retainers to the sandal bearers, stripped themselves and went about,

each with a teacup, picking up the ubiquitous lice and putting them

into it. Were he to imagine thirty-odd samurai, each dressed in but a

loin-cloth, with his teacup in his hand, searching with all his might

here and there under the rigging and beneath the anchor in each Kompira

boat with sails alight in the winter sunshine of the Inland Sea, any

man in these days would at once think it a great joke, but it was no

less true before the Restoration than it is now that in the face of

necessity everything becomes serious. So these boats full of naked

samurai, each one himself like a great louse, abode the cold and went

about patiently day after day diligently crushing the lice on the decks.

II

But there was one odd fellow on the Tsukuda boat. He was an eccentric

middle-aged man named Mori Gonnoshin, an officer of foot with an

allowance of seventy bales of rice and rations for five men. Strangely

this man alone did not catch lice. Therefore, of course, he was covered

with them all over. While some mounted to the knot on his queued hair,

others crossed over on the edge of the plate at the back of his divided

skirt. Yet he paid no special attention to them.

Then if you think that this man alone was not bitten by the lice, still

you are mistaken. Just like the rest, he was covered with so many red

blotches all over his body that he might well be described as spotted

with coins. Moreover, from the way he scratched them, it did not look

as if they were itchless. But no matter whether they itched or what

they did, he affected utter indifference.

If it had all been affectation, it would not have been so strange, but

when he saw the others diligently gathering lice, he called to them,

“If you catch ’em, don’t kill ’em. Put ’em in teacups alive, an’ I’ll

take ’em.”

“When you get ’em, what’ll you do with ’em?” asked one of his fellows,

with a look of surprise.

“When I get ’em? Then I’ll go so far as to raise ’em,” Mori calmly

replied.

“Then we’ll take ’em alive and give ’em to you.”

The officer, because he thought it a joke, worked half a day with

two or three others and collected several cupfuls of living lice. He

thought in his heart that if he handed them over thus and said, “Well,

raise ’em,” even Mori, despite his contrariness, would be stumped.

Then, before he had time to utter a word, Mori spoke up and said,

“You’ve got ’em, haven’t you? Then I’ll take ’em.”

His fellows were all taken aback.

“Then put ’em in here,” said Mori calmly, opening the neck of his

garment.

“Don’t go makin’ yourself put up with it now and afterwards gettin’

into trouble for it,” said the others, but he would not listen.

Then one at a time, they turned their teacups upside down, like ricemen

measuring rice in half-gallon measures, and poured the lice down Mori’s

neck, whereupon he, maintaining his composure and carefully picking up

those that had spilled outside, said, as if to himself,

“Thanks. With these I can sleep warm from this night on.”

“When you have lice, is it warm?” said the dumbfounded officers to

nobody in particular, all looking into each other’s faces.

Then Mori, adjusting with particularity the neck of his dress which had

received the lice, gave one triumphant look around at each of their

faces and proceeded to express himself to this effect:

“Each and every one of you caught cold in this recent snap, but what of

this Gonnoshin? He doesn’t sneeze. He doesn’t run at the nose. More,

not once has he felt feverish or cold in the hands or feet. Whose good

work do you s’pose this is? It’s all the good work of the lice.”

According to Mori’s explanation, it seems that when there are lice on

the body, they are bound to bite and make it itch. When they bite, one

is sure to want to scratch. Then, when the whole body is bitten all

over, one wants to scratch all over the whole body, too. But man is

wonderfully made, so that while he scratches where he feels himself

itch, the scratched places naturally get warm as with a fever. Then,

when he is warm, he gets sleepy. When he is sleepy, he no longer feels

the itch. In this way, if one but have many lice on one’s body, one

falls asleep easily and catches no colds. Wherefore, we should by all

means keep lice and by no means kill them out.

“Sure enough, it’s like that, ain’t it?” said several of his fellows

approvingly when they had heard Mori’s argument.

III

After that there came to be a group in that boat that followed the

example of Mori and kept lice. In the matter of going about in pursuit

of lice whenever they had leisure, this group was not different from

the rest of the party. The only difference was that all they caught,

they put one by one faithfully into their bosoms and carefully kept.

But it is seldom in any country in any age that the precursor’s

teaching is accepted in its first form by all the people. In this boat,

too, there were many Pharisees who set themselves up against Mori’s

doctrines on lice.

At the forefront of these stood a captain of foot called Inoue Tenzo.

He, too, was an eccentric, and he always ate all the lice he caught.

When he had finished his evening meal, he would place a teacup before

him and sit slowly munching something that was evidently delicious, so

somebody looked into the cup and saw that it was full of the lice he

had caught and asked,

“What do they taste like?”

“Let’s see. Like oily parched rice, I guess,” said he.

Those who use their mouths to crush lice are to be found everywhere,

but this man was not of their number. As light refreshment pure and

simple, he ate them every day. He was the first to oppose Mori.

There was not another soul who took after Inoue and ate lice, but a

considerable number joined him in his opposition. According to them,

men’s bodies certainly could not be warmed by the presence of lice.

Moreover, in the Book of Filial Piety, it is written that we receive

our bodies, hair and hide, from our fathers and mothers, and the very

beginning of filial duty lies in not injuring them. Of one’s own choice

to feed these bodies to such things as lice was egregiously unfilial.

Whence lice should by all means be hunted out. They should not be

raised.

Under these circumstances, disputes arose from time to time between the

Mori and Inoue groups. And so long as they simply ended in argument,

there was no harm. But in the end things developed unexpectedly from

such beginnings even unto the starting of an appeal to the sword.

It came about in this way. One day Mori received from the others a lot

of lice which he put into a teacup and set aside, intending to raise

them carefully as usual, when Inoue, taking advantage of his incaution,

ate them up before he noticed. When Mori came to look for them, there

was not one left. Then this precursor flared into anger.

“What’d you eat ’em for?” he demanded, edging up to Inoue with his arms

akimbo and his eyes blazing.

“Fact is, it’s idiotic to keep lice,” said Inoue indifferently, showing

absolutely no desire to take him up.

“It’s idiotic to eat ’em.”

Mori flew into a fury and, pounding the plank deck shouted,

“Look here! Is there anybody in this ship who isn’t indebted to lice?

Takin’ these lice an’ eatin’ ’em is just like payin’ kindness with

hate!”

“I haven’t the least recollection of ever receivin’ any favor from

lice.”

“Nay, even if you haven’t, to wantonly take the lives of livin’ things

is unspeakable.”

After two or three more remarks had been exchanged with increasing

vehemence, Mori suddenly saw red and put his hand on the hilt of his

maroon-sheathed sword. Of course Inoue did not back down. He quickly

snatched up his long blade in its cinnabar scabbard and sprang to

his feet. Had not the naked men who were going about catching lice

excitedly forced the two apart, it would probably have meant the life

of one or the other of them.

According to the story of one who saw this flurry with his own eyes,

the two men, held fast in the arms of the whole party, still foamed at

the mouth and shouted, “Lice--Lice--”

IV

And while the samurai in the ships thus came almost to bloodshed over

the lice, the 500-_koku_ Kompira vessels, as if alone indifferent

utterly to all this, ran on farther and farther west with their red

and white banners flapping in the cold wind under the snowy sky on the

long, long road leading to the chastisement of Chōshū.