第 二百二十八 章 · 第228章

The terrible spectacle of the battlefield covered with dead and wounded,

together with the heaviness of his head and the news that some twenty

generals he knew personally had been killed or wounded, and the

consciousness of the impotence of his once mighty arm, produced an

unexpected impression on Napoleon who usually liked to look at the

killed and wounded, thereby, he considered, testing his strength of

mind. This day the horrible appearance of the battlefield overcame

that strength of mind which he thought constituted his merit and his

greatness. He rode hurriedly from the battlefield and returned to the

Shevárdino knoll, where he sat on his campstool, his sallow face

swollen and heavy, his eyes dim, his nose red, and his voice hoarse,

involuntarily listening, with downcast eyes, to the sounds of firing.

With painful dejection he awaited the end of this action, in which he

regarded himself as a participant and which he was unable to arrest.

A personal, human feeling for a brief moment got the better of the

artificial phantasm of life he had served so long. He felt in his own

person the sufferings and death he had witnessed on the battlefield.

The heaviness of his head and chest reminded him of the possibility

of suffering and death for himself. At that moment he did not desire

Moscow, or victory, or glory (what need had he for any more glory?). The

one thing he wished for was rest, tranquillity, and freedom. But when he

had been on the Semënovsk heights the artillery commander had proposed

to him to bring several batteries of artillery up to those heights to

strengthen the fire on the Russian troops crowded in front of Knyazkóvo.

Napoleon had assented and had given orders that news should be brought

to him of the effect those batteries produced.

An adjutant came now to inform him that the fire of two hundred guns

had been concentrated on the Russians, as he had ordered, but that they

still held their ground.

“Our fire is mowing them down by rows, but still they hold on,” said the

adjutant.

“They want more!...” said Napoleon in a hoarse voice.

“Sire?” asked the adjutant who had not heard the remark.

“They want more!” croaked Napoleon frowning. “Let them have it!”

Even before he gave that order the thing he did not desire, and for

which he gave the order only because he thought it was expected of him,

was being done. And he fell back into that artificial realm of imaginary

greatness, and again—as a horse walking a treadmill thinks it is doing

something for itself—he submissively fulfilled the cruel, sad, gloomy,

and inhuman role predestined for him.

And not for that day and hour alone were the mind and conscience

darkened of this man on whom the responsibility for what was happening

lay more than on all the others who took part in it. Never to the end

of his life could he understand goodness, beauty, or truth, or the

significance of his actions which were too contrary to goodness and

truth, too remote from everything human, for him ever to be able to

grasp their meaning. He could not disavow his actions, belauded as they

were by half the world, and so he had to repudiate truth, goodness, and

all humanity.

Not only on that day, as he rode over the battlefield strewn with men

killed and maimed (by his will as he believed), did he reckon as he

looked at them how many Russians there were for each Frenchman and,

deceiving himself, find reason for rejoicing in the calculation that

there were five Russians for every Frenchman. Not on that day alone

did he write in a letter to Paris that “the battle field was superb,”

because fifty thousand corpses lay there, but even on the island of St.

Helena in the peaceful solitude where he said he intended to devote his

leisure to an account of the great deeds he had done, he wrote:

The Russian war should have been the most popular war of modern times:

it was a war of good sense, for real interests, for the tranquillity and

security of all; it was purely pacific and conservative.

It was a war for a great cause, the end of uncertainties and the

beginning of security. A new horizon and new labors were opening out,

full of well-being and prosperity for all. The European system was

already founded; all that remained was to organize it.

Satisfied on these great points and with tranquility everywhere, I

too should have had my Congress and my Holy Alliance. Those ideas were

stolen from me. In that reunion of great sovereigns we should have

discussed our interests like one family, and have rendered account to

the peoples as clerk to master.

Europe would in this way soon have been, in fact, but one people, and

anyone who traveled anywhere would have found himself always in the

common fatherland. I should have demanded the freedom of all navigable

rivers for everybody, that the seas should be common to all, and that

the great standing armies should be reduced henceforth to mere guards

for the sovereigns.

On returning to France, to the bosom of the great, strong, magnificent,

peaceful, and glorious fatherland, I should have proclaimed

her frontiers immutable; all future wars purely defensive, all

aggrandizement antinational. I should have associated my son in the

Empire; my dictatorship would have been finished, and his constitutional

reign would have begun.

Paris would have been the capital of the world, and the French the envy

of the nations!

My leisure then, and my old age, would have been devoted, in company

with the Empress and during the royal apprenticeship of my son, to

leisurely visiting, with our own horses and like a true country couple,

every corner of the Empire, receiving complaints, redressing wrongs,

and scattering public buildings and benefactions on all sides and

everywhere.

Napoleon, predestined by Providence for the gloomy role of executioner

of the peoples, assured himself that the aim of his actions had been the

peoples’ welfare and that he could control the fate of millions and by

the employment of power confer benefactions.

“Of four hundred thousand who crossed the Vistula,” he wrote further

of the Russian war, “half were Austrians, Prussians, Saxons, Poles,

Bavarians, Württembergers, Mecklenburgers, Spaniards, Italians, and

Neapolitans. The Imperial army, strictly speaking, was one third

composed of Dutch, Belgians, men from the borders of the Rhine,

Piedmontese, Swiss, Genevese, Tuscans, Romans, inhabitants of the

Thirty-second Military Division, of Bremen, of Hamburg, and so on: it

included scarcely a hundred and forty thousand who spoke French. The

Russian expedition actually cost France less than fifty thousand men;

the Russian army in its retreat from Vílna to Moscow lost in the various

battles four times more men than the French army; the burning of Moscow

cost the lives of a hundred thousand Russians who died of cold and want

in the woods; finally, in its march from Moscow to the Oder the Russian

army also suffered from the severity of the season; so that by the time

it reached Vílna it numbered only fifty thousand, and at Kálisch less

than eighteen thousand.”

He imagined that the war with Russia came about by his will, and the

horrors that occurred did not stagger his soul. He boldly took the

whole responsibility for what happened, and his darkened mind found

justification in the belief that among the hundreds of thousands who

perished there were fewer Frenchmen than Hessians and Bavarians.